Europe's glaciers and ice patches are an enormous deep freezer for artifacts. Here is a countdown of 25 of the most fascinating objects revealed by Europe's melting ice.
Europe's glaciers and ice patches are a treasure-trove of ancient artifacts that show how civilizations and technology have changed over thousands of years.
3. Viking Age mittenSomeone lost their mitten while crossing the Lendbreen ice in the Viking Age. The mitten disappeared into the snow and ice in the pass. The owner probably thought that it was gone forever, but not so🙂 We found the mitten melting out of the retreating ice patch 1100 years later. pic.twitter.com/aN8z9Er4fqFebruary 21, 2023
5. Giant slingshots?What seemed to be giant slingshots started melting out of the ice in 2011. Radiocarbon dating shows this one was made in about A.D. 400; it is over 3 feet long, and has cuts made by a knife. Some are even larger. Archaeologists were bewildered by these objects until one of their team recognized them as “tång” or “pliers” for strapping down the load on sledges when transporting hay or leaves for animal fodder.
See moreArchaeologists later found another wooden peg of almost exactly the same design that had melted out of the Lendbreen ice patch. The purpose of these pegs was unknown, and this one was exhibited at a local museum, where an elderly woman finally solved the mystery: they were bits for kid goats or lambs to stop them suckling their mothers so that people could use the milk. She said she had used them in the 1930s; this one dates from the 11th century.
See moreThis 10-inch toy wooden arrow from about A.D. 600 offers a tantalizing glimpse into childhood at the time."Was it lost in the snow during practice shooting? The unhappy child probably thought that it was lost forever," he said. But the ice preserved it for 1,400 years. Despite being a child's toy, it had a serious purpose, as hunting was a major source of food.
13. Otzi the IcemanOne of the most famous discoveries that melted from Europe's mountain ice is the body and kit of Ötzi the Iceman, who died 5,300 years ago in an Alpine pass between modern-day Italy and Austria. Near Ötzi's remains, archaeologists found the remains of an ax with a copper blade, an unfinished bow, plant fiber, animal hides and pieces of leather.
16. WWI battlefieldRelics of the earlier war litter the Alps between Italy and Austria where the Guerra Bianca — the"White War" — was fought between 1915 and 1918. The border between the Kingdom of Italy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the time was high in the mountains, and combatants had to contend with freezing temperatures, ice and heavy snow .
19. Iron Age horse snowshoeThis snowshoe for a horse was found on Norway's Lendbreen ice patch in 2019. Its stunning preservation makes it seem as if it was lost recently, but radiocarbon dating shows it was made in the third century A.D. Archaeologists say this must have been at the beginning of the use of the Lendbreen Pass by travelers, and so the unlucky packhorse that lost its shoe was probably one of the first animals to cross the ice patch.
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