Their work could lead to faster electronics and better disease-screening
, things move fast. An electron zooms around a nucleus, changing its position or energy in mere fractions of an attosecond. An attosecond is a billionth of a billionth of a second—a unit of time so short that there are as many attoseconds in a single second as there have been seconds since the Big Bang, 13.8bn years ago.
Ultra-fast lasers work in the same way that strobe lighting can help capture useful images of fast-moving objects in the everyday world. A hummingbird, for example, can beat its wings 80 times per second. To human eyes, this looks like a blur. Use a high-speed camera and a strobe light flashing faster than the hummingbird’s wings beat, though, and it is possible to take detailed pictures of the bird in flight.
Those light waves interacted with each other in turn. Where their peaks coincided, they would become more intense. When one wave’s peak met another’s trough, though, the light’s intensity would fall. And sometimes, if the light waves interacted in just the right way, they produced pulses of ultraviolet light that lasted for just a few hundred attoseconds.
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