Cases of advanced prostate cancer have increased among American men ages 50 and older, while cases of early-stage disease have declined, study finds.
“These data illustrate the trade-off between higher screening rates and more early-stage disease diagnoses and lower screening rates and more late-stage disease,” Jemal and his colleagues wrote in the study released in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, or JCNI.The researchers analyzed nationwide data on more than 2 million prostate cancer cases, mostly early-stage disease, diagnosed in men 50 and older between 2005 and 2016.
By comparison, the incidence of advanced cancers that had spread beyond the prostate gland — known as regional-stage or distant-stage cancers — increased at “an alarming rate,” Jemal told NBC News. For instance, among men 50 to 74, the incidence of distant-stage, metastatic cancers increased by 2.4 percent per year from 2008 to 2012 and by 5.6 percent per year from 2012 to 2016. Among men 75 and older, the incidence of distant-stage disease increased by 5.2 percent per year from 2010 to 2016.
Statistics show that PSA testing rates in men 50 and older declined from 40.6 percent in 2008 to 38.3 percent in 2010 and 31.5 percent in 2013, the researchers noted. Rates remained unchanged in 2015. Jemal said he hopes current federal screening recommendations will prompt men to talk with their doctors about the pros and cons of PSA screening so more aggressive cancers may be caught. “There has to be a balance,” he said.
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