Meteorite analysis hints that early Mars got important volatile elements like hydrogen and oxygen from meteorite collisions rather than a cloud of gases
at the University of California, Davis, have analysed a sample from Chassigny to look at isotopes of krypton – another inert gas – which allows for more precise measurements, using a high-resolution mass spectrometer.
“With xenon isotopes, it’s difficult to distinguish the precise source of volatiles, but that’s not the case with krypton,” says Péron. “With krypton, you can better see the difference between potential sources like from solar or meteorites… but krypton isotopes are more difficult to measure than xenon isotopes, so that’s why it had not been previously done.”Valugi/Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0
The researchers found that the isotopes came from meteorites rather than from the solar nebula. This also implies that the, which contains mainly solar nebula isotopes, wasn’t acquired by gases exuding from the solar-derived mantle as we have thought until now, says Péron.
The work could fundamentally change our picture of how Mars was formed, as well as shore up the theory of“It’s a major change in our understanding of the origin of volatiles in Mars,” saysat the University of Oxford. “The end result is that Mars looks much closer to the way the Earth formed and the way that Earth acquired volatiles, which gives us a much more consistent view of how planets acquire their volatile elements.
Finding out how volatile elements are acquired and distributed is also essential for understanding a planet’s chemical make-up, says Ballentine. “The timing and source of the volatiles controls the oxidation state, which, in turn, controls the structure and distribution of elements in the planet, which for our own Earth is why we can live on it.”
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