The association between different “a posteriori” (data-driven) diets and the risk of lung cancer.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaOct 19 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in Nutrients, researchers performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between different “a posteriori” diets and the risk of lung cancer.
Nutritional epidemiology has switched to assessing the effects of varied diets on chronic diseases such as cancer to improve understanding of the influence of dietary patterns. Healthy diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, minimize the risk of pulmonary cancer, whereas the Western diet has the opposite effects.
Only prospective and case-control-type studies evaluating the relationship between data-driven diets and the risk of lung cancer and presenting results as odds ratios , relative risk , or hazard ratios were included. The references to the included studies were searched to identify additional studies.
Results Initially, 1,048 articles were identified, of which 12 studies, including eight and four case-control and cohort studies, respectively, were selected for the meta-analysis. The case-control studies included 6,011 cases and 8,263 controls; seven studies were hospital-based, and one was population-based. The cohort studies included 505,665 individuals, of whom 3,638 were diagnosed with lung cancer. The food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary evaluation in all included studies.
Western dietary adherence significantly elevated the risk of lung cancer , whereas that to a healthy diet reduced the risk .
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