The team examined chemical traces of Population III stars using a 13.1-billion-year-old quasar.
That means that these supernovas can't be spotted by looking for stellar remnants, so can only be tracked in two ways: either by directly witnessing them as they happen — highly unlikely given how vast space is — or by spotting the chemical signature of the material they blast out.
"It was obvious to me that the supernova candidate for this would be a pair-instability supernova of a Population III star, in which the entire star explodes without leaving any remnant behind," research co-author and University of Tokyo astronomer Yuzuru Yoshii, said in a.
Yoshii and the team think this is the clearest indicator yet of a Population III star and a pair-instability supernova. The team wants to investigate similar quasar clouds and attempt to discover if they also possess these characteristics.
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