Scientists used CRISPR gene editing and brain organoids to study genes that affect the movement of neurons.
are known to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, but how they affect the function of neurons is largely unknown. Understanding their impact could inform therapies that target the genes and the processes they affect.During the brain's development, cells called interneurons take on different roles and migrate through the brain to their correct location, forming circuits that regulate brain processes.
Using techniques from earlier work, the team grew stem cells into brain organoids representing the subpallium and the cortex. They then put the organoids together and, using a fluorescent dye, watched how the neurons moved in the dish.About 10% of the 400-plus genes interfere with the generation of the interneurons or their migration during the brain's development, the researchers reported.
Another challenge is "rare neurodevelopmental disorder genes don't act in isolation," says Kristen Brennand, a professor of psychiatry and of genetics at Yale University who wasn't involved in the study.
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