How much better can computer processors get? How smart can algorithms become? And what kinds of benefits and dangers are still ahead? SN100
— chatbots for dispensing financial advice or providing customer support — might learn to know what we really need, or to push our buttons and upsell us on extraneous products.
Unmanned attack drones that can use artificial intelligence to identify targets, such as the Kargu-2 made by the Turkish company STM, have raised concerns about the ethics of autonomous weapons.There are also social, political and legal questions about how to manage technology in society.
Explanation methods include generating a simpler, interpretable model that approximates the original, or highlighting regions of an image a network found salient, but these are just gestures toward how the cryptic software computes. Even worse, systems can provide, to make unfair models look fair to auditors. Ultimately, if the audience doesn’t understand it, it’s not a good explanation, and measuring its success — however you define success — requires user studies.
One hurdle, according to Grosz, is that they’re not properly trained in ethics. But she hopes to change that. Grosz and the philosopher Alison Simmons began a program at Harvard called Embedded EthiCS, in which teaching assistants with training in philosophy are embedded in computer science courses and teach lessons on privacy or discrimination or fake news. The program has spread to MIT, Stanford and the University of Toronto.
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