Cracking the code: omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids' impact on glucose metabolism Nutrients_MDPI unito omega3 omega6 fattyacids nutrition glucose metabolism glucosemetabolism diabetes
By Bhavana KunkalikarJun 13 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in the Nutrients journal, researchers explored the impact of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids on glucose metabolism.
Particularly, the eicosapentaenoic /arachidonic acid ratio is believed to be a marker of metabolic dysfunction, with lower levels being linked to the onset of conditions like diabetes mellitus. For example, consuming too much sugar increases the likelihood of developing T2DM. Studies suggest a possible contributing factor is the high intake of vegetable oils containing ω-6 FAs and the low intake of foods rich in ω-3 FAs.
Also, in vitro studies have shown that EPA treatment can enhance glucose absorption in human skeletal muscle cells. This process appears to be caused by an increase in the movement of glucose transporter 1/4 to the plasma membrane, as well as mechanisms that do not rely on GLUT. Evidence from existing literature Multiple meta-analyses have examined how linoleic acid affects the onset of T2DM. The study found that consuming high amounts of dietary LA and having high LA concentrations in the body were linked to a decreased risk of T2DM, indicating that LA may have a protective effect against the disease.
Also, improved glucose homeostasis was observed with IPE or EPA + DHA treatment, but only when administered during an HFD. The authors proposed that the observed effects could be attributed to increased FA oxidation, decreased hepatic triglycerides , altered branched-chain amino acid and sphingolipid metabolism, and reduced inflammation.
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