British border security is being tightened and the government is closing down avenues for claiming asylum: policies that drive people towards people-smugglers, not away from them
. The goal, says Priti Patel, Britain’s home secretary, is to break up the “evil trade in human cargo” by reducing demand for smugglers’ “repugnant activities”. The first deportations are due to take place on June 14th, although court challenges on behalf of asylum-seekers may yet delay them.
This continuing traffic reflects two inconvenient truths. The first is about supply: the cross-channel smuggling networks are very hard to break up. France has recently beefed up its police presence and installed thermal cameras near beaches, partly funded by. France arrested more than 1,500 “traffickers” in 2021. British and French police regularly share intelligence on people-smuggling and often collaborate well.
Finding the right people to arrest is another problem. The smugglers often employ poor asylum-seekers to run on-the-ground operations for them. “It’s because of the empty pockets,” says Abdul , who crossed on a small boat last summer, referring to people who run out of money on their way to Britain and do smugglers’ bidding for a period of time to finance the next stage of their journey. Asylum-seekers are usually made to drive their own boats.
Unlike drug-smuggling gangs, where there is more rivalry between bigger, hierarchical groups, people-smugglers often work together. Smaller gangs and freelance smugglers, from Albanians to Kurds, frequently run different legs of someone’s journey. “There is no kingpin,” says Luigi Achilli of the Migration Policy Centre, a think-tank. “It’s not an organisation where you decapitate the head and bring down the whole group.” Smash one gang and another may take its place.
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