Eau de eternity: Scientists re-create the scent of ancient mummies

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Eau de eternity: Scientists re-create the scent of ancient mummies
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Researchers have re-created a scent used in the mummification of an elite Egyptian woman around 1450 B.C., dubbing it the “scent of the eternity.”

Because information on the exact recipes used by ancient Egyptians during mummifications is scant, the researchers instead turned to residues in the now-empty urns that had contained the preserved organs of Senetnay, a noblewoman who watched over and breastfed the future pharaoh Amenhotep II during his infancy. Using mass spectrometry, they studied the remaining traces of the balm that preserved — and scented — the organs during the mummification process.

The balms used were complex, the study says, and contained the resins of a pine-related plant the researchers believe was larch, resin from Pistacia or dammar trees, and degradation products from what they believe were animal fats and plant oils. Beeswax and bitumen were also used in the balms.

“The ingredients in the balm make it clear that the ancient Egyptians were sourcing materials from beyond their realm from an early date,” Nicole Boivin, senior researcher on the project, said in a. “The number of imported ingredients in her balm also highlights Senetnay’s importance as a key member of the pharaoh’s inner circle.” Larch and dammar probably came from faraway places, suggesting that ancient Egyptian trading was more widespread than previously thought.

The researchers also worked with a perfumer and a sensory museologist to re-create the balms’ piney perfume for an upcoming museum exhibition at Denmark’s Moesgaard Museum. Their research was only possible because the urns were well preserved as technology evolved — an argument, they write, for “the importance of conserving cultural heritage under optimal conditions over the long term.”

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