Engineering an enzyme against antibiotic-resistant anthrax ACSBioMed
can lead to difficulty breathing, skin ulcers or even death. Although antibiotics against anthrax infection exist, resistance to these drugs can occur over time.
One type of B. anthracis, called the Ames strain, is particularly virulent because it can wrap itself in a protective capsule of poly-D-glutamic acid that acts like a cloak of invisibility, helping the bacteria evade the human immune system. A B. anthracis enzyme called CapD anchors the capsule material to the bacteria, but previous studies have reported that the enzyme can be engineered to degrade the capsule instead, making the bacteria susceptible to the immune system.
To improve the re-engineered enzyme's lifetime in the body and deliver a bigger punch, the researchers added PEG and fused the CapD protein with part of a mouse antibody. This resulted in two CapD enzymes bound together, which would essentially double its capsule-binding power.
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