One of the most common and practically useful experiments in all of fluid dynamics involves holding an object in air or submerging it fully underwater, exposing it to a steady flow to measure its resistance in the form of drag. Studies on drag resistance have led to technological advances in airplane and vehicle design and even advanced our understanding of environmental processes.
repellent materials—into the stream until they were almost fully submerged by the flowing water.
"There's this intermediate period where the spheres going into the water are creating the biggest disturbances so that the drag is much stronger than if it were way below the surface," said Harris, an assistant professor in Brown's School of Engineering."We knew the drag would go up as the spheres were lowered because they are blocking more of the steady flow, but the surprising thing was how much it goes up.
The researchers also found that the sphere's level of water repellency plays a key role in the drag forces it experiences. This is where things get a bit counterintuitive. Running the experiments, the researchers found that the superhydrophobic coating encountered more drag than the other two spheres. It was a surprise because they expected the opposite.
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