Some galls may look weird, but the overwhelming majority do no harm.
It can be unnerving to find that the leaves of an oak or hackberry tree are as bumpy as a rock-covered seashore in late summer. Other trees’ leaves may break out in acne-like red spots or sport projections as bristly as a porcupine.
Only a few kinds of gall, often caused by fungi rather than insects, cause actual harm, making some branch tips die back. Most galls, especially leaf galls, are just an aesthetic issue. If you find a gall on a branch unsightly, prune it off, Yiesla said. Leaf galls are usually so numerous that most pruning would be pointless. “A tree that has galls on any leaves probably has thousands of them,” she said.
For example, jumping oak galls are caused by wasp eggs laid in the leaves of such trees as white oaks, bur oaks and swamp white oaks. The galls are little bumps, like beads. In autumn, the beads detach from the leaves and fall to the ground. The activity of the larvae inside the beads may cause them to hop around a bit like jumping beans before settling in to overwinter under the leaf litter.
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