Science, Space and Technology News 2023
Stanford scientists have synthesized a rare form of gold, Au2+, stabilized by halide perovskite, with potential applications in electronics and energy sectors, linking their findings to Nobel laureate Linus Pauling’s earlier research.
For the first time, Stanford researchers have found a way to create and stabilize an extremely rare form of gold that has lost two negatively charged electrons, denoted Au. The material stabilizing this elusive version of the valued element is a halide perovskite—a class of crystalline materials that holds great promise for various applications including more-efficient solar cells, light sources, and electronics components.
This phenomenon applies to particles, too, and has profound consequences for “massive” heavy elements, such as gold, whose atomic nuclei boast a large number of protons. These particles collectively exert immense positive charge, forcing negatively charged electrons to whirl around the nucleus at breakneck speeds. As a consequence, the electrons grow heavy and tightly surround the nucleus, blunting its charge and allowing outer electrons to drift farther than in typical metals.
Looking ahead, Karunadasa, Lindquist, and colleagues plan to study the new material further and tweak its chemistry. The hope is that an AuReference: “Stabilizing Au2+ in a mixed-valence 3D halide perovskite” by Kurt P. Lindquist, Armin Eghdami, Christina R. Deschene, Alexander J. Heyer, Jiajia Wen, Alexander G. Smith, Edward I. Solomon, Young S. Lee, Jeffrey B. Neaton, Dominic H. Ryan and Hemamala I. Karunadasa, 28 August 2023,.
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