New research suggests that such 'outburst floods' from lakes of glacial meltwater may have carved out one of the largest networks of canyons on Earth.
7 min readAs the Earth warms, extreme weather events, increased disease risk and even compromised health facilities could become more common.It's a scene from the"Ice Age" movies -- a vast freshwater lake, created by melting ice, breaks through a thin retaining wall of ice, releasing a huge wall of water.
If the ice sheet wasn't there, Greenland's canyons would be one of Earth's most visible scars: The largest canyon is about 800 meters deep and, at more than 450 miles long, it's almost twice as long as Arizona's Grand Canyon.In this undated file photo, the landscape of southern Greenland is shown.John Elk/Getty Images, FILE
Instead, their shape indicated that rivers formed the gouges. Initially, they believed that it could have happened several million years ago, when Greenland was almost balmy and before the growth of the ice sheet.The new research, however, suggests Greenland's canyon network formed almost in step with the ice sheet.
Alternatively, outburst floods gouge out canyons when large volumes of water suddenly escape the reservoirs that held them -- such as lakes of glacial meltwater dammed up by barriers of ice.A general view of the port of Nuuk, Greenland, is seen in this June 5, 2016, file photo.Such a process of outburst flooding occurred in the Columbia River Gorge during the melting of the Laurentide ice sheet, which covered most of North America until about 20,000 years ago, Keisling said.
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