It started in the aughts with “3-free” polish and has continued to steadily climb: 5-free, 7-free, 10-free, and, recently spotted, 21-free. All of which raises the question: Why do we need our nail polish to be free of ingredients? Fifival investigates
, which are formulated without it). “What is found in nail lacquer is formaldehyde resin,” says Werner. The resin , while not carcinogenic like free formaldehyde, is still a contact allergen that can cause redness, swelling, and itching, says Valenty. .by environmental consumer group As You Sow against the Cosmetics, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association drew attention to the second “toxic trio” ingredient: toluene .
The lawsuit was settled with manufacturers agreeing to use toluene only at concentrations below 50 percent, but once attention was brought to the ingredient, most polish-makers phased it out completely. “Public opinion matters,” Valenty says. And finally there’s dibutyl phthalate, or DBP, which Stern says is part of a class of plasticizing chemicals used to make products more pliable and to prevent chipping. While phthalates have the potential to disrupt the endocrine system and cause birth defects, the level of exposure a nail-polish consumer or salon customer has to these chemicals is challenging to pinpoint. Stern thinks we should still be mindful. “Where there is smoke, there is fire,” she says.
Now, while all these chemicals and their potential side effects sound downright terrifying, here’s the deal: Most of them are not found in the polishes at nail salons from mainstream brands such as Essie, OPI, Orly, Zoya, and Deborah Lippmann. “The majority of all the chemicals used now are all compliant with either FDA or E.U. regulations,” says Werner, adding that U.S. companies rely on the FDA list of banned ingredients for cosmetic use to guide polish development. And they look to the E.U.
If you want to look closer at the chemical content of your nail polish, Werner points to the updated list of chemicals attached to California’s Proposition 65 as a good reference point. “If it is a Prop 65 material, it could pose a risk,” he adds.
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