Asteroids, like stars, only come out at night. Hidden in the glare of our Sun are an unknown number of asteroids on paths we cannot track, many of which could be heading for Earth, and we just don’t know it. The European Space Agency’s (ESA) planned NEOMIR mission will be located between Earth an
The NEOMIR orbiting observatory will act as an early warning system to detect and monitor any asteroid coming towards Earth from the Sun’s direction. NEOMIR will be placed between the Sun and Earth, at the first Lagrange point . Using a high-performance infrared detector, it will detect near-Earth objects with a diameter of over 20 meters at least three weeks in advance of potential Earth impact.
The relatively small rock approached Earth from very near the direction of the Sun, exploding in the atmosphere and creating a shockwave that damaged thousands of buildings, breaking windows and injuring roughly 1500 people from flying shards of glass. It was the largest asteroid to strike Earth in over a century.
Lagrange points are locations in space where the gravitational pull from the Earth equals the pull from the Sun, and satellites can reside with less ‘orbital maintenance’ than those orbiting Earth or flying out to deep space. Credit: ESA between the Sun and Earth, remaining in the same position relative to the two bodies. This will give the telescope a view of asteroids that may come towards the Earth from the direction of the Sun.
By making observations in the infrared part of the light spectrum, NEOMIR will detect the heat emitted by asteroids themselves, which isn’t drowned out by sunlight. This thermal emission is absorbed by Earth’s atmosphere, but from space, NEOMIR will be able to see closer to the Sun than we can currently from Earth.
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