About one in every five people carries a version of a gene that—although largely unsung—appears to confer protection against both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, Stanford Medicine investigators and their colleagues have learned. These lucky people may someday benefit all the more from a vaccine that could slow or stall the progression of these two most common neurodegenerative conditions.
from hundreds of thousands of people of diverse ancestries from several continents has revealed that carrying this gene version, or allele, reduced people's chances of contracting either Parkinson's or Alzheimer's by more than 10% on average.
The Stanford Medicine team combined dozens of medical and genetic databases collected from numerous countries—in Europe, East Asia, the Middle East, and South and North America. All told, the databases included more than 100,000 people with Alzheimer's disease and more than 40,000 with Parkinson's disease.
This study hints that tau, an essential player in Alzheimer's, may turn out to also play some kind of role in Parkinson's, Mignot said, although what that role may be is not clear.DR4 is one among copious alleles of a gene called DRB1, which itself is one among many in a large complex of genes—called the human lymphocyte antigen complex, or HLA—that's crucial to rendering cells' inner contents visible to the immune system.
Each of the numerous HLA genes comes in a vast variety of alleles. Each of us inherits a different collection of these alleles. Because different HLA alleles' protein products bind to different sets of peptides, the assortment of peptides a person's cells display for immune surveillance varies from one person to the next.
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