Ronald Reagan, former Hollywood actor and California governor who became an icon of the conservative movement, won the first of two terms as president on Nov. 4, 1980.
that, many historians argue, led to the downfall of the Soviet Union and largely ended communism as a viable political philosophy on the global stage.
Reagan proved one of the most popular presidents in history, winning 49 of 50 states in his re-election bid in 1984. ad campaign after helping lift the U.S. out of the abyss of the Carter years.Reagan had twice run unsuccessfully for president, in 1968 and 1976. Paired in 1980 with former CIA director, U.N. ambassador and World War II hero George H.W. Bush as his running mate, Reagan easily captured the Republican nomination for president.
The Iran hostage crisis weighed heavily on the minds of Americans as they entered voting booths in November 1980. The U.S. Embassy in Tehran was overrun and 52 American diplomats and civilians were taken captive exactly one year earlier, on Nov. 4, 1979. Eight American service members were killed in an aborted hostage rescue attempt in April 1980, further cementing the crisis as a failure of presidential leadership.The hostages were released on Jan. 20, 1981, the same day Reagan was inaugurated.
"Reagan's economic legacy is mixed. On the one hand, tax reduction and a tightening of interest rates by the Federal Reserve led to a record period of peacetime economic growth," notes the Miller Center at the University of Virginia, a think tank of presidential scholarship. "On the other, this growth was accompanied by record growth in the national debt, the federal budget deficit, and the trade deficit."with blunt force.
Reagan also proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative — dubbed Star Wars by critics. Though never enacted, it had the effect of helping force the Soviet Union to spend itself into failure.
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