S clusters, which are a part of Fe–S proteins, are found across all forms of life. They play a significant role as biological cofactors—helper molecules that assist these proteins in different biochemical transformations—that are involved in respiration and metabolism.
we know today. Put simply, they might be one of the primitive catalysts that led to the emergence of life on Earth. Thus, having convenient methods to synthesize Fe–S proteins will hopefully advance our understanding of young Earth biology and help us answer the ultimate question of the origin of life.
A team of researchers, including Associate Professors Kosuke Fujishima and Shawn McGlynn from the Earth-Life Science Institute , Tokyo Institute of Technology and Assistant Professor Po-Hsiang Wang from the National Central University have developed a novel protocol for producing mature [4Fe-4S] proteins in which the Fe–S cluster is placed within a cube-like structure.
This diagram shows the two main steps involved in the proposed synthesis protocol. Step 1 shows the chemical cascade used to create an oxygen-free environment, alongside the PURE system used to synthesise the 'immature' proteins. Step 2 shows the implementation of the SUF machinery, which adds the [4Fe–4S] cluster to the apo proteins, yielding functional and mature [4Fe–4S] proteins. Credit: Reproduced from Wang and Nishikawa et al.
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