From WSJopinion: The European Union’s geopolitical policy making is hamstrung by 27 vetoes and its lack of an army, writes wrmead
Ursula von der Leyen, the former German defense minister and Angela Merkel protégé now serving as president of the European Commission, has said repeatedly that Europe needs to think and act geopolitically. She is right, but judging by recent events, a geopolitically effective European Union isn’t coming anytime soon.
It was bad enough before the Armenians and Azerbaijanis started fighting over Nagorno-Karabakh again. The EU faces crises in the north , east , south and west and is struggling to produce a response to any of them. To be fair, all of these problems are tricky and none have obvious solutions, but the primary issue is that the EU isn’t set up to be a geopolitical actor.
This is partly a problem of process. The European Union is not built for speed. On important foreign-policy issues, where any one of the 27 member states can block action with a veto, getting to a consensus requires so much compromise that the ultimate policy often loses all coherence and any real chance of success. So much time is needed to reach that likely ineffective policy decision that by the time the EU reaches the station, the train has already pulled away.
Take the crisis in Belarus. After weeks of wrangling, Josep Borrell, the EU’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, summoned the union’s 27 foreign ministers to Brussels for a climactic meeting. The plan was to support Belarusian protests against election fraud and to deter Russia by slapping sanctions on key regime supporters. But nothing came out of the meeting.
The unanimity rule could be changed so that foreign-policy decisions can be made by a majority. But that reform itself requires unanimous consent—and it is hard to see member countries, large or small, giving up their veto.
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