The liver's ability to communicate with other organs is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, particularly through signaling pathways.
Xia & He Publishing Inc.Jul 30 2024 The liver's ability to communicate with other organs is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, particularly through signaling pathways. During liver regeneration, communication with organs such as the brain, pancreas, intestine, and heart is vital, mediated by chemical messengers like hormones, cytokines, and growth factor s.
TGF-β and HIPPO signaling pathways The TGF-β pathway is essential for regulating cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. It functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. The HIPPO pathway controls organ size by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, acting through its core components MST1/2, LATS1/2, and downstream effectors YAP and TAZ.
Role in liver diseases Disruptions in the regulation of TGF-β and HIPPO pathways contribute to liver diseases. In fibrosis, the TGF-β pathway promotes the activation of hepatic stellate cells, leading to extracellular matrix deposition and scar formation. The HIPPO pathway's dysregulation can result in uncontrolled cell proliferation, contributing to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Bile Blood Brain Cancer Cell Cell Proliferation Cirrhosis Cysteine Cytokines Digestion Fibrosis Gene Gene Expression Growth Factor Heart Hepatitis Immune Response Inflammation Kinase Liver Liver Cancer Metabolism Metastasis Pancreas Physiology Proliferation Protein Protein Synthesis Scar Transcription Tumor
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