Spotted: Suspected Russian malware designed to disrupt Euro, Asia energy grids
As IEC-104 is generally not used in the US, which more commonly uses Distributed Network Protocol 3 , this malware variant doesn't pose a direct threat to American power grids and other industrial control systems, Lunden said.The malware has two components, which Mandiant calls PieHop and LightWork. PieHop, written in Python, is expected to run on a compromised host within a target's network. It connects to a MSSQL server and uploads files to that machine.
Judging from Mandiant's findings, PieHop uploads LightWork to the server and runs it. LightWork, written in C++, does the actual work of sending on or off commands to connected industrial equipment via the IEC-104 protocol. LightWork's executable is deleted immediately after it's used by PieHop. To pull off an attack, an intruder would need to infect a PC within a power supplier's network, find a Microsoft SQL Server on the network that has access to operational equipment, and obtain the login details for that box. PieHop is then run on the PC to upload LightWork to the server, which sends disruptive commands to connected industrial devices.
"The sample of PieHop we obtained contains programming logic errors that prevent it from successfully performing its IEC-104 control capabilities, but we believe these errors can be easily corrected," the researchers noted. And while they say there's not"sufficient evidence" to determine the malware's origin or purpose,"we believe that the malware was possibly developed by either Rostelecom-Solar or an associated party to recreate real attack scenarios against energy grid assets." ®
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