A new technique can measure the thickness of Arctic sea ice even during the difficult summer months
A new scientific method may allow researchers to keep better tabs on the melting Arctic. For the first time, scientists have devised a technique to monitor the thickness of Arctic sea ice year-round — even in the summer, when it’s most difficult to do.
Special radar instruments on satellites also can measure the thickness of sea ice as it floats atop the ocean. These records suggest that sea ice is thinning over time as much of the Arctic’s oldest, thickest ice succumbs to the warming climate.During the warmest time of the year, the sea ice begins to melt and liquid water begins to pool on its surface.
That’s a problem from a scientific standpoint. Complete, nonstop records are the gold standard for understanding how the Arctic is responding to climate change and for building climate models that can make long-term predictions about its future.After wrapping up his doctorate in Canada, Landy was looking for new projects to tackle.
The team turned to machine learning, a kind of artificial intelligence, for the solution. One of the fundamental challenges for measuring ice thickness in summer is differentiating between melt pools on the ice and the ocean itself. The researchers applied a machine learning technique to satellite data to distinguish the ice floes.
The study suggests that data on sea ice thickness during the summer can help predict the total area of ice that’s left over in September, when the summer ends. That’s useful when making forecasts for shipping traffic.It can help improve the model simulations that scientists use to make projections about the Arctic’s future. Shrinking sea ice affects the Arctic’s delicate ecosystem and the human societies who depend on it. It also affects the rate at which the Arctic warms.
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