ESA's Juice mission will explore Jupiter and its intriguing Galilean moons — Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto — to study their hidden oceans, magnetic fields, and surface features, ultimately orbiting Ganymede to investigate their potential habitability and properties. ESA’s JUpiter ICy moons Explo
Juice will make detailed observations of the giant gas planet and its three large ocean-bearing moons – Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa – with a suite of instruments. By making flybys of these moons at distances of just a few hundred kilometers, and even going into orbit around Ganymede, Juice will characterize them as both planetary objects and possible habitats.
By investigating Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto as a trio, Juice will paint a comparative picture of the environments of each and shed light on their properties and potential habitability.Juice’s primary scientific target will be Ganymede, the largest moon in the Solar System – larger even thanDuring its tour of the Jupiter system, Juice will make 12 flybys of Ganymede starting in July 2031, and will eventually become the first spacecraft to orbit another planet’s moon.
…exploring how Ganymede’s surface features, processes, and topography relate to its subsurface, defining the thickness and structure of the moon’s icy crust and mapping its geology, composition, chemistry, and evolution over time. ’ and geysers; Juice will search for pockets of water in the moon’s shallow subsurface using unprecedented ice-penetrating radar, and reveal locations where the transfer of material between subsurface, surface, and space may be especially intense.
Callisto is also the least geologically evolved Galilean satellite, and therefore offers a unique glimpse into the environment around early Jupiter. As the moon does not seem to have evolved much over time, it stands to reveal unique information about how it initially formed, and about the origin of the wider Jupiter system.
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