Every 5 years, NIAMS reexamines its priorities & the scientific opportunities & gaps in research bearing on the health of the bones, joints, muscles, and skin. See the new NIAMS Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2020-2024:
Using artificial intelligence and machine learning to define personalized medicine profiles through integration of electronic medical records and patients’ cellular and molecular signatures;
Using single-cell RNA sequencing to study cells isolated from skin biopsies of human inflammatory skin disorders; Using epidemiology “big data” and analytical methods to link skin diseases with systemic comorbid conditions; Identifying and characterizing biochemical and cellular networks affected by mutations underlying skin diseases;
Applying single-cell genomic and epigenomic analyses to better understand cell heterogeneity in normal and diseased skin and to trace cell lineages during skin development and homeostasis; and Developing modular skin 3D models that can interact with other organ models to study integrated human physiology ;Investigating use of natural and artificial ECM components as biomaterials that provide appropriate structural and mechanical properties for generating functional skin; andModel systems
Developing specific animal models in conjunction with emerging observation technology to enhance the ability to detect, trace, and noninvasively identify cellular activity in vivo.Cultured skin substitutes and other in vitro models of skin are in current use for experimental studies and toxicology screening.Developing 3D tissue models of normal human skin and diseases;
Encouraging collaboration among biologists and mathematicians to enable the use of systems biology approaches to model complex biological processes;Developing, with artificial intelligence concepts, methods for analyzing and understanding large data sets.Knowledge of pathogenic pathways and basic skin biology facilitates development of small-molecule and biologic therapies that target specific components of these pathways.
Investigating the use of small interfering RNAs to treat skin diseases by modulating expression of both normal and defective genes; Developing methods to collect patient-reported outcomes and incorporate them in clinical studies/trials; The incidence and morbidity of skin diseases are important subjects for epidemiological research. Optimal distribution of health services for skin diseases highlights the relevance of treating illnesses with significant physical and quality-of-life effects.
Investigating racial and ethnic differences in skin diseases to improve understanding of the effect of skin type on diagnosis, treatment response, and other issues; Investigating management of chronic symptoms, such as itching and pain, as well as ways to minimize effects of these symptoms on stress level, sleep, and overall quality of life.The NIAMS Bone Biology and Diseases programs fund a broad spectrum of basic, translational, and clinical research on buildup and breakdown of bone.
Identifying biochemical pathways that control osteoclast activity and the functional lifetime of cells.Defining mechanisms that control osteocyte differentiation, including formation of osteocyte dendritic processes and the lacunar-canalicular system; and Identifying molecules produced in one bone cell type that influence another, including those that may be transported in exosomes ;Investigating effects of signaling molecules originating in other bone cell types on target cells; and
Determining how body mass and composition influence bone homeostasis and strength, including the relationship between bone physiology and regulation of distinct fat depots ; andBone and the nervous system Determining the relationship between angiogenesis and the processes of bone growth and remodeling; and
Defining mechanisms that lead to pathological bone formation in joints, such as osteophytes or spinal stenosis; and Identifying differences and parallels in injured bone and muscle healing, including the origins of progenitor cells contributing to tissue regeneration.Bone shaping and growth during infancy and childhood are important for adult skeletal health. Research into processes by which bones originate in the embryo and grow during skeletal maturation promises to illuminate causes and potential treatments of developmental disorders in humans.
Investigating effects of regulatory factors, such as growth factors and bone morphogenetic proteins, on proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells.Examining osteogenic differentiation of animal and human embryonic stem cells, including responses to growth factors and other regulatory molecules; and
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