Two studies published Wednesday in the journal Nature show how the brain implants, described as neuroprostheses, can record a person's neural activity when they attempt to speak naturally.
Dr. Jaimie Henderson had a single wish throughout childhood: for his father to be able to speak with him. Now a scientist and neurosurgeon at Stanford Medicine, Henderson and his colleagues are developing brain implants that might be able to make similar wishes come true for other people with paralysis or speech impairments.
Henderson and his colleagues at Stanford and other US institutions examined the use of implanted brain sensors in 68-year-old Pat Bennett. She had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 2012, and it affected her speech. The researchers evaluated this brain-to-computer interface with Bennett attempting to speak with vocalizations and to only"mouth" words with no vocalization.
The researchers say the decoding happened at high speeds. Bennett spoke at an average pace of 62 words per minute, which"more than triples" the speed of previous brain-computer interfaces that had about 18 words per minute for handwriting models. The implant recorded neural activity, which was decoded into text on a screen. The researchers wrote in the study that they found"accurate and rapid large-vocabulary decoding" with a median rate of 78 words per minute and a median word error rate of 25%.
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