Study shows SARS-CoV-2 infection, replication and persistence in human brain tissues natureportfolio NIH SARSCoV2 COVID19 HumanBrainTissue
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaDec 16 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in Nature, researchers investigated the cellular tropism, replication competence, persistence and evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in humans, and associated histopathological changes in infected tissues.
Autopsied brain specimens of 44 unvaccinated and deceased COVID-19 patients were analyzed, and extensive CNS sampling was performed for 11 individuals between April 26, 2020, and March 2, 2021. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to confirm SARS-CoV-2 positivity, and 38 samples were found to be SARS-CoV-2-positive. Three samples were seronegative for SARS-CoV-2, and sera were not available for three cases .
Among the autopsied specimens, 17, 13, and 14 were categorized as early cases, mid-cases, and late cases based on the day of infection at death within 14 days, between 15 days and 30 days, and beyond 31 days, respectively. Further, image analysis on interventricular septal tissues of 16 individuals was performed to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 N RNA detected by ddPCR analysis and SARS-CoV-2 S RNA detected by ISH analysis.
SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid was persistently present in several tissues of late cases, despite being below detectable levels in sera of any case. SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid was identified within the CNS among 91% cases, including across most brain areas evaluated in five late cases. SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic ribonucleic acid was detected across all tissues and in several body fluids, including serum, vitreous humor, and pleural fluid.
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