Natural sunlight may be an effective of certain materials, said the authors of the study.
-2 can survive in outdoor-like conditions, the team used a device which simulates natural sunlight, including ultraviolet rays. They also controlled the temperature and humidity in a lab chamber. The virus was grown both in lab culture and in a liquid resembling human saliva. The samples were then dried on stainless steel coupons.
The contaminated coupons were stuck to a mounting strip and attached to the wall of the chamber, and exposed to light for different lengths of time, ranging from 2 - 18 minutes. Another set of virus-laden coupons were put in the chamber for up to 60 minutes in darkness as the control.-2, according to the team. In conditions resembling midday sunlight on the longest day of the year at 40 degrees north latitude, 90 percent of the virus was inactivated every 6.8 minutes in the saliva.
Sunlight representing winter solstice in the same latitude inactivated the virus every 14.3 minutes in saliva. SARS--2 was inactivated at rates twofold greater in saliva than in the culture media for reasons that weren't immediately clear. The virus on the coupons kept in the dark, meanwhile, barely changed.
The findings indicate that the virus' ability to spread may be"significantly reduced" in outdoor conditions when exposed to direct sunlight, compared to indoor conditions, the authors wrote."Additionally, these data provide evidence that natural sunlight may be effective as a disinfectant for contaminated non-porous materials," they said.
But the team stressed that results could differ in real-world scenarios. They said:"While significant levels of viral inactivation were observed within minutes at all simulated sunlight levels investigated, it should be noted that the duration of time each day that outdoorlevels exceed those used in the present study is dependent not only on the time of year, but also on the local weather conditions, especially cloud cover.
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