As rebel fighters flow into the Syrian capital the world prepares for regime change
Bashar Al-Assad became president of Syria in 2000 after his father Hafez died. Assad had not always been destined for the presidency. Hafez had groomed another son, Bassel, to succeed him. But when Bassel died in a 1994 car crash, Assad was transformed from an eye doctor in London - where he studied as a postgraduate - to heir apparent. Upon becoming president, Assad appeared to adopt liberal reforms, painted optimistically as 'the Damascus spring'.
Syrian President Bashar al-Assad at the Elysee Palace in Paris in 2008 But it was not long into his presidency that dissidents found themselves jailed and a crippling economic policy was enforced - which US diplomats described at the time as 'parasitic' nepotism and corruption. Assad's rule has since been defined by the civil war which spiralled out of the 2011 Arab Spring, when Syrians demanding democracy took to the streets, to be met with deadly force.
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