In a bitterly cold bath of seawater, between the turquoise arms of a distant Greenland iceberg, researchers have caught an Arctic fish with a body highly resistant to freezing temperatures.
Among all the thousands of transcripts sequenced in the Arctic species, researchers found a few transcripts that code for antifreeze-like proteins, all of which were highly expressed.
In the field of genetics, a 'transcript' is an RNA copy of a part of DNA. It gives a cell instructions on how to produce certain proteins. In fish, these liver-produced proteins are thought to stop ice grains from growing too large, or building up inside cells and body fluids where they could become obstructive.types of antifreezeThe mix of weaker and stronger proteins could actually work together to provide snailfish with the temperature resistance they need to live in such bitter waters.
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