How a 14th century Timurid sultan became a giant among scholars
a madressa, or religious school. Unlike others, however, the one he built in Samarkand - which still exists in the Registan Square - the subjects of mathematics and astronomy were among the most prioritised.his own observatory outside Samarkand on a rocky hill three stories high reaching a height of approximately 30m. It was one of the largest in the pre-modern era and was beautifully decorated with glazed tiles and marble plates.
The Fakhri sextant determines basic constants in astronomy: the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator, the point of the vernal equinox, the length of the tropical year, and other constants arising from observation of the sun. It was built chiefly for solar observations in general, and for those of the moon and the planets, too.
It is known that various well-known Muslim astronomers had worked there and some of the most extensive observations of planets and fixed stars at any Islamic observatory were made here. Here are some results of a study of the yearly movements of the five bright planets known in the time of Ulugh Beg:
The star catalogue of Ulugh Beg in 1437 represents the only large‐scale observations of star coordinates made in the Islamic realm in the medieval period after Hipparchus. The catalogue includes more than thousand stars.his leadership, observations also included the measurement of the obliquity of the ecliptic as 23 degrees and 30’17” and that of the latitude of Samarkand as 39 degrees and 37’33” N. .
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