Green hydrogen is being touted around the world as a clean energy solution to take the carbon out of high-emitting sectors like transport and industrial manufacturing.
The India-led International Solar Alliance launched the Green Hydrogen Innovation Centre earlier this year, and India itself approved $2.3 billion for the production, use and export of green hydrogen. Global cooperation on green hydrogen manufacturing and supply is expected to be discussed by G-20 leaders at this week's summit in New Delhi.Hydrogen is produced by separating that element from others in molecules where hydrogen occurs.
However, critics say the fuel is not always viable at scale and its ‘green’ credentials are determined by the source of energy used to produce it.Green hydrogen can have a variety of uses in industries such as steelmaking, concrete production and manufacturing chemicals and fertilizers. It can also be used to generate electricity, as a fuel for transport and to heat homes and offices. Today, hydrogen is primarily used in refining petrol and manufacturing fertilizers.
He said hydrogen's volatility — it's highly flammable and requires special pipelines for safe transport — means most green hydrogen will likely be used close to where it is made.That flammability plus transport issues limit hydrogen's use in “dispersed applications” such as residential heating, according toby the Energy Transitions Commission, a coalition of energy leaders committed to net-zero emissions by 2050.
Robert Howarth, a professor of ecology and environmental biology at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, who also sits on New York's Climate Action Council, said green hydrogen is being oversold in part due to lobbying by the oil and gas industry.
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