Recently, a manicurist in Orange County showed up to work at 9:30 A.M. The first customer did not appear until 4:00 in the afternoon.
In the late nineteen-seventies and early eighties, after the fall of Saigon, thousands of people fled Vietnam and came to California. One of them, whom I’ll call Hanh at her request, arrived in Orange County, in 1982. By her twenties, she was working as a manicurist in nail salons, making around three dollars an hour. Within a decade, she was raising four kids as a single mom.
In the early months of the pandemic, U.C.L.A. and the California Healthy Nail Salon Collaborative conducted a survey of more than seven hundred nail-salon workers and owners, which was published in June, 2020. More than three-quarters of the nail-salon employees surveyed said that they might have trouble buying food and other necessities in the following month, and more than two-thirds of the nail-salon owners said the same.
I met Hanh this past November, outside a Vietnamese fast-food place at a strip mall near her home in Santa Ana. I was early, but she had beat me there and was pacing around the parking lot. A couple gray strands in her otherwise black hair framed her face. We got iced coffees, and she told me that she had not yet been able to go back to work.
I asked Saba Waheed, the research director at the U.C.L.A. Labor Center, whether many manicurists were choosing not to go back to work, and whether this was part of a phenomenon that some have called. “Clearly, there are different dynamics across the low-wage sector,” Waheed said, distinguishing employees at places like nail salons from those who might have worked remotely during the pandemic or had some financial cushion that allowed them the freedom to stop working.
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