itemprop=description content=Using antigenic cartography, researchers analyzed cross-reactivity patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the effect of spike-protein changes on post-infection and vaccination immune responses. The study illuminated unique neutralization profiles and underscored the evolving defense mechanisms with repeated immunizations.
By Vijay Kumar MalesuOct 8 2023Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the journal Science, a group of researchers utilized antigenic cartography to study cross-reactivity patterns among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants and evaluated the impact of key spike-protein substitutions on immune responses post-infection and vaccination.
About the study During clinical trials, all study samples were collected, including those from vaccine recipients. Convalescent sera, assumed to be from first infections, were sequenced for variant identification. All study sites had Institutional Review Board approval, and participants gave informed consent.
Antigenic cartography, using the Racmacs package, aimed to elucidate the antigenic evolution of pathogens. Validations confirmed that the two-dimensional map fairly represented variant relationships. Through cross-validation replicates, it was determined that the 2D map had a commendable predictive capacity, albeit not perfect.
Related StoriesResearchers visualized antigenic relationships in two-dimensional maps, however, the distinctiveness of BA.4/BA.5 required a three-dimensional representation, hinting at a unique antigenic space. This three-dimensional antibody landscape illuminated the varied serum reactivity across different SARS-CoV-2 strains. For instance, B.1.617.2 sera reacted more robustly against its corresponding variant.
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