Elephants can add a cuddly new cousin to their family tree

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Elephants can add a cuddly new cousin to their family tree
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Hyraxes are a cuddly-looking group of small mammals that also happen to be the closest living relatives of elephants and manatees.

, an anthropologist and primate ecologist at the City University of New York who led the research. ”There’s a hell of a lot we do not know, still, about tree hyraxes,” he adds. In decades of studying the animals living in west African forests, Oates says he’d never actually seen a tree hyrax in the wild until he and a colleague installed camera traps and caught one on tape.

With decades of experience studying the sounds of nocturnal mammals in the region, Bearder says he knew right away that he was hearing something unique from other tree hyraxes. “It was immediately obvious to me. The calls were so different, they couldn’t be just closely related, they had to be completely different species.”

Calls are often important for members of a species to recognize each other, find mates, and defend territory, says Oates. “The call will say, as with bird calls, ‘I am here, this is the kind of thing I am…’ If it’s a male bird singing, it may be saying both ‘this is my territory, don’t come here’, if you’re another male, or if you’re a female, ‘look, what a wonderful song I have. Please come and be my partner.

Another proposed new tree hyrax species described by Hanna Rosti and her colleagues in 2020 is found in the Taita Hills of Kenya. Here, its sausage-toes are on display.

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