In a groundbreaking review paper published in Nature Reviews Neuroscience, scientists have shed new light on the role of GABA, a key signaling molecule in the brain.
Once thought to be merely supporting cells in the brain, astrocytes now seem to be the most appropriate cells to regulate γ-aminobutyric acid tone. Astrocytes have a positional advantage over other cell types because, as part of the tripartite synapse, they are located close to the extrasynaptic sites that largely regulate the induction of tonic GABA current in neurons.
Since 2010, Director Lee has been investigating the cognitive function of astrocytes, a type of brain cell involved in the synthesis, release, and clearance of GABA. His team even identified potential treatments for diseases related to aberrant GABA synthesis, such as dementia, and are pioneering the development of these therapies.
Second, mechanism of tonic GABA current inhibition: There was a misconception in the literature that inhibition of tonic GABA currents was mediated by hyperpolarization, but this type of inhibition occurs with a specific form of resistance reduction known as shunt inhibition.
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